Understanding Dysautonomia

Dysautonomia refers to a group of medical conditions caused by problems with the autonomic nervous system, which controls vital automatic processes in the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure and digestion.

Baylor Medicine cardiologist Dr. Tyler Moran answers what you need to know about this condition.

“Management of dysautonomia frequently requires a tailored approach. Some measures may work better for some patients than others, and it can take some time to develop the right management plan. This may require more frequent visits early on. For patients who receive benefit from a medication-based approach, lifestyle measures including adequate hydration and recumbent exercise still play a very important role.”

What is dysautonomia?
Dysautonomia is an umbrella term for disorders where the autonomic nervous system doesn’t work as it should. This can lead to a variety of symptoms related to heart rate, blood pressure, digestion and temperature control. There are several types of dysautonomia, and symptoms can vary widely.

What are some common symptoms associated with dysautonomia?
Symptoms often depend on the specific type of dysautonomia, but common ones include:

• Lightheadedness, especially when standing up or changing positions
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Extreme fatigue
• Gastrointestinal problems like bloating, nausea or constipation
• Difficulty with temperature regulation, such as feeling too hot or too cold
• Fainting or near-fainting episodes

How is dysautonomia diagnosed?
Diagnosing dysautonomia can be challenging because the symptoms often overlap with other conditions. A detailed medical history and physical exam by a physician are key.

What should patients expect when working with a cardiologist to manage dysautonomia?
Managing dysautonomia often requires a team approach, with cardiologists playing a key role, especially for those whose symptoms primarily involve heart rate or blood pressure issues. Your cardiologist will monitor your cardiovascular health closely and may adjust your treatment plan as your symptoms evolve.

By Vanessa Colchado, senior marketing associate in the Office of Communications and Community Outreach